Question 1

What is the most beneficial type of exercise to include in an exercise program for a patient at risk for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Swimming
B)   Weight bearing
C)   Nonweight bearing
D)   IsometricE) A) and C)
F) None of the above B

Question 2

The WHO's definition of osteoporosis is a BMD greater than _____ standard deviations below the mean for healthy 20- to 29-year-old adults.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   1.5
C)   2
D)   2.5E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

When is the peak bone mass of a female typically achieved?

Accepted Answer

A)   By the end of adolescence
B)   By approximately 30 years of age
C)   Within the decade preceding menopause
D)   After the onset of menopauseE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following female patients is at risk for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   An African American woman who was normal age at menopause and has a large frame and poor intake of calcium.
B)   A White woman who is overweight, had multiple pregnancies and late menopause, and consumes alcohol.
C)   A White woman who is underweight, had premature menopause, does not exercise, and smokes cigarettes.
D)   An Asian woman who is premenopausal and has a large frame, a high calcium intake, and a sedentary lifestyle.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about exercise and bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Regular weight-bearing exercise has little influence on BMD.
B)   Upper body strength activities may improve overall BMD.
C)   Walking several miles each day has a large impact on hip BMD.
D)   Swimming regularly has a large impact on vertebral BMD.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) B

Question 6

Which of the following bone measurements is more appropriate for individuals from late adolescence to the elderly years?

Accepted Answer

A)   BMC
B)   BMD
C)   PBM
D)   Alkaline phosphataseE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of type II, or age-related, osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Occurs after 50 years of age
B)   Loss of height occurs
C)   Only affects trabecular bone
D)   Rarely occurs in malesE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is necessary for the maturation of osteocalcin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin K
B)   Vitamin D
C)   Vitamin E
D)   Vitamin AE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following changes related to nutrition and bone metabolism does NOT occur in elderly subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased intake of protein
B)   Reduction of skin biosynthesis of vitamin D
C)   Increased renal excretion of calcium
D)   Decline in osteoblast functionE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following dietary variables is NOT related to low bone mass?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inadequate calcium
B)   Excessive phosphorus
C)   Inadequate vitamin D
D)   Excessive potassiumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Bisphosphonates treat osteoporosis by

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulating estrogen production.
B)   increasing calcium absorption.
C)   inhibiting osteoclasts.
D)   inhibiting phosphorus absorption.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is associated with the bone tissue at the end of the long bones?

Accepted Answer

A)   Trabecular bone
B)   Cortical bone
C)   Haversian systems
D)   OsteonsE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with excessive calcium supplementation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Constipation
B)   Iron deficiency
C)   Urinary tract stones
D)   High blood pressureE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following are bone-forming cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteocytes
B)   Osteoblasts
C)   Osteoclasts
D)   OsteocalcinsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

A chronic elevation of which circulating hormone typically leads to an increase in bone resorption and bone loss?

Accepted Answer

A)   Thyroid hormone
B)   Parathyroid hormone
C)   Corticosteroid hormone
D)   GlucagonE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Bone tissue consists of the mineral phase and the organic _____ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)   collagen
B)   cartilage
C)   matrix
D)   osteocalcinE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

What does uncoupling of bone remodeling mean?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bone formation precedes bone resorption.
B)   Bone formation both exceeds and precedes bone resorption.
C)   Bone resorption precedes bone formation.
D)   Bone resorption both precedes and exceeds bone formation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hormone-related (type I)  osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rapid rate of bone loss and therefore of BMD
B)   Cessation of ovarian estrogen production
C)   Decrease in dietary calcium intake
D)   Increased risk of fracture of wrist and vertebraeE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of these is NOT a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hispanic ethnicity
B)   European or Asian ethnicity
C)   Cigarette smoking
D)   Female athlete triadE) A) and B)
F) C) and D) A

Exam 24: Nutrition and Bone Health

What is the most beneficial type of exercise to include in an exercise program for a patient at risk for osteoporosis?

Correct Answer
verified
B

The WHO's definition of osteoporosis is a BMD greater than _____ standard deviations below the mean for healthy 20- to 29-year-old adults.

Correct Answer
verified

When is the peak bone mass of a female typically achieved?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following female patients is at risk for osteoporosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about exercise and bone is TRUE?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of the following bone measurements is more appropriate for individuals from late adolescence to the elderly years?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a characteristic of type II, or age-related, osteoporosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is necessary for the maturation of osteocalcin?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following changes related to nutrition and bone metabolism does NOT occur in elderly subjects?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following dietary variables is NOT related to low bone mass?

Correct Answer
verified

Bisphosphonates treat osteoporosis by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is associated with the bone tissue at the end of the long bones?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with excessive calcium supplementation?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following are bone-forming cells?

Correct Answer
verified

A chronic elevation of which circulating hormone typically leads to an increase in bone resorption and bone loss?

Correct Answer
verified

Bone tissue consists of the mineral phase and the organic _____ phase.

Correct Answer
verified

What does uncoupling of bone remodeling mean?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hormone-related (type I) osteoporosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these is NOT a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 24: Nutrition and Bone Health

What is the most beneficial type of exercise to include in an exercise program for a patient at risk for osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The WHO's definition of osteoporosis is a BMD greater than _____ standard deviations below the mean for healthy 20- to 29-year-old adults.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When is the peak bone mass of a female typically achieved?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following female patients is at risk for osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about exercise and bone is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following bone measurements is more appropriate for individuals from late adolescence to the elderly years?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of type II, or age-related, osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is necessary for the maturation of osteocalcin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following changes related to nutrition and bone metabolism does NOT occur in elderly subjects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following dietary variables is NOT related to low bone mass?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bisphosphonates treat osteoporosis by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is associated with the bone tissue at the end of the long bones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with excessive calcium supplementation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are bone-forming cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chronic elevation of which circulating hormone typically leads to an increase in bone resorption and bone loss?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone tissue consists of the mineral phase and the organic _____ phase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does uncoupling of bone remodeling mean?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hormone-related (type I) osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is NOT a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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B

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B

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A